February 20, 1990Microsoft License Paks for large corporate accounts are announced. Available for each of the major applications products, Microsoft License Paks will be a new Microsoft packaged product and will be distributed through dealers. This will be a worldwide program.
Although the number of intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) grew dramatically during the late 20th century, they have been part of the world scene for much longer. This data set tracks the status and membership of such organizations from 1815-2014. Access information about this data here. This data set is hosted by Timothy Nordstrom, University of Mississippi, Jon Pevehouse, University of Wisconsin and Megan Shannon, Colorado-Boulder.
World War 3.0: Microsoft And Its
Netscape had a pretty meteoric rise to the top of the web world. The company began pretty soon after software engineer Marc Andreessen graduated from the University of Illinois in 1994. While he was studying there, he had worked on one of the first ever cross platform browsers, NCSA Mosaic, which became the most popular among early browser choices.
So not long after he left Illinois, Andreessen was contacted by Jim Clark, a bit of a legend in the Silicon Valley area. Clark and Andreessen met a few times, and decided that a top of the line commercial browser was exactly what the market needed. So they went back to NCSA, and walked out with a team of top engineers ready to make that happen. By the end of 1994, they had already delivered a first step. Originally slated to be called Mosaic, the browser they released to the world became known (mostly for legal reasons) as Netscape Navigator, and the company, Netscape Communications.
Some think Webb has the tougher job ahead of him. Microsoft painted itself into a corner in the first trial, according to New Yorker writer Ken Auletta, author of "World War 3.0: Microsoft and Its Enemies."
The origins and growth of the Microsoft Corporation had become the stuff of legend in America by the end of the twentieth century. Founded in 1975 by Bill Gates and his friend Paul Allen when the former left Harvard University as a sophomore, it rapidly outpaced all its competitors in the computer software business. By 1988 it was the world's largest software company; by 1998 its Windows operating system was to be found in 90 percent of the personal computers in America, and 50 percent of all homes possessed one. That same year, Microsoft's profits of nearly $4.5 billion were double those of General Motors, the world's largest corporation.
Workers in the United States work harder than their counterpartsanywhere else in the industrial world, with the exception of the SouthKoreans and Czechs, according to the latest International LabourOrganisation (ILO) statistics. In 2000 the Americans put in an average1,979 hours in the workplace, an increase of 36 hours on 1990(1). This is puzzling since in the last 10 years the US has enjoyedgreat economic prosperity and had a substantial rise in productivity,two factors that were always assumed to mean less work and moreleisure (2).
These traits, says Dave Arnott, a Dallas Baptist University professor,mirror the three defining characteristics of a cult: devotion,charismatic leadership and separation from community (6). In suchcompanies, obsessive workaholism has been justified by the sense of agrand mission (building the future, changing the world) and by anus versus them ethos (them being most often the competitors,the government or the trade unions) fostered by competition. Thefinancial factor is simply a by-product of the great adventure. As thecliché goes, It's not about the money, it's about the future(7). Salary may not have reflected the amount of work, but employeeshave stood to benefit, via their stock options, from theircontribution to the bottom line, and presumably to the value of thestock. And in the new economy that for a while seemed to defy the lawsof gravity, the sky was the limit (8).
Separation from community has happened because of the amenities onthose corporate campuses. If a company caters to all needs, why wouldemployees need to leave the workplace, except perhaps to sleep, andwhy should they interact (or to use corporate jargon, interface) withthe outside world? New technologies (magnetic identification cards,surveillance cameras, pagers, cell phones, email) put employees on ashort electronic leash. Their whereabouts are known and they can bereached at any time.
But the California Labour Commissioner, noting the bank's naïveinterpretation of labour law, ordered it to compensate the volunteersfor their time and effort, and provide them with cleaning andgardening tools. The bank was puzzled by this intrusion of thegovernment and said the bureaucrats had misunderstood an initiativemeant simply to boost employee morale and promote teamwork. The bankwas outraged at the suggestion that it might have tried to lower itscosts with the threat of layoffs. It also assured the world it neverintended to use the ATM's hidden camera for quality control purposes(11).
(9) Michael S Malone, Infinite Loop: How the World's Most InsanelyGreat Computer Company Went Insane, Doubleday, New York, 1999; AlanDeutschman, The Second Coming of Steve Jobs, Broadway Books, New York2000; Ken Auletta, World War 3.0: Microsoft and Its Enemies, RandomHouse, New York 2001; Mike Wilson, The Difference Between God andLarry Ellison, William Morrow & Co, New York 1998; Janet Lowe,Welch: An American Icon, John Wiley & Sons, New York 2001.
In November 1985, Microsoft's secret project, codenamed "Interface Manager", was launched into the world as Windows. Many of its features were licensed from Apple Computers, which had released the first Macintosh model the year before.
Delta, Indigo and its Enemies; or, Facts on Both Sides, 1861 Leroy Foote, Christian liberty and its enemies: A book for youth, 1868Bejamin H. Hill, The union and its enemies, 1879 John Nietner, The coffee tree and its enemies: Being observations on the natural history of the enemies of the coffee tree in Ceylon, 1800 J.S. Hunter, The Green Bug and Its Enemies: A Study in Insect Parasitism, 1904 Carl Gottfried Hartman Hartman & Lewis Bradley Bibb, The Human Body and Its Enemies: A Textbook of Hygeine, Sanitation and Physiology, 1914 William O'Brien, Sinn Fein and its Enemies, 1917 John Fremont Wilber, Progress and its Enemies: Showing the fallacy of the single-tax theory, and some other enemies of progress, 1918 William Ernest Hocking, Morale and its Enemies, 1918 William Jennings Bryan, The Bible and Its Enemies, 1921 Charlotte Franken Haldane, Motherhood and its Enemies, 1927 Fred Richard Marvin, Our Goverment and its Enemies, 1932 Karl Popper, The Open Society and its Enemies, 1945 Ludwig von Mises, The Free Market and Its Enemies, 1951 George Kateb, Utopia and its Enemies, 1963 A.P. Thornton, The Imperial Idea and Its Enemies, 1968 Philip A. Kuhn, Rebellion and its Enemies in Late Imperial China, 1970 R.A. Adeleye, Power and diplomacy in Northen Nigeria, 1804-1906: The Sokoto Caliphate and its Enemies, 1971 John O'Sullivan, The Draft and Its Enemies: A Documentary History, 1974 Thomas Ford Hoult, Social Justice and Its Enemies, 1975 Thomas Molnar, Authority and its Enemies, 1976 Peter Paret, The Berlin Secession: Modernism and Its Enemies in Imperial Germany, 1980 Paul Oliver & Ian Davis, "Dunroamin: The Suburban Semi and its Enemies", 1981 Christopher Green, Cubism and its Enemies, 1987 Edward Alexander, The Jewish Idea and Its Enemies, 1988 William R. Tonso, The Gun Culture and Its Enemies, 1990 Asger Jorn, Open Creation and Its Enemies, 1994 John Honey, Language is Power: The Story of Standard English and Its Enemies, 1997 Kenneth Mills, Idolatry and Its Enemies: Colonial Andean Religion and Extirpation, 1640-1750, 1997 Peter Hart, The I.R.A. and its Enemies, 1998 David Watson, Against the Megamachine: Essays on Empire and its Enemies, 1998 Eunan O'Halpin, Defending Ireland: the Irish State and its Enemies Since 1922, 1999 Virginia Postrel, The Future and its Enemies: The Growing Conflict Over Creativity, Enterprise and Progress, 1999 Max Skidmore & Max J. Skidmore, Social Security and Its Enemies, 1999 Ken Auletta, World War 3.0: Microsoft and Its Enemies, 2001 Nicola Di Cosmo, Ancient China and its Enemies, 2002 William Coleman, Economics and its Enemies, 2003 Lee Harris, Civilization and its Enemies, 2004 Alexander De Waal, Islamism and its Enemies in the Horn of Africa, 2004 Daniel Cohen, Globalization and its Enemies, 2006 Roslyn Weiss, The Socratic Paradox and Its Enemies, 2006 Robin Cohen, Migration and Its Enemies, 2006 Cor Struik, The Independent Spirit and its Enemies, 2006 Edward Friedman & Sung Chull Kim, Regional Cooperation and Its Enemies in Northeast Asia, 2006 Jane Duckett & William L. Miller, The Open Economy and its Enemies: Public Attitudes in East Asia and Eastern Europe, 2007 John K. Wilson, Patriotic Correctness: Academic Freedom and its Enemies, 2007 Marcus Collins, The Permissive Society and Its Enemies: Sixties British Culture, 2007
Mr. Brown recommends using atom bombs to blow chunks off the Antarctic ice cap, thus saving the civilized world. You'll doubtless want to read the whole thing. And you can check out Mr. Brown's original writings here. (I hope that none of my complaints about the present state of science journalism have given any of you the impression that things used to be better.)
IBM Content Navigator is a web client that provides users with a web interface for working with content from multiple content servers. It helps companies provide managed access to large volumes of electronic data. IBM Content Navigator enables users to search for and work with documents that are stored in content servers that are located around the world from a web browser. IBM Content Navigator works with the following desktop clients: 2ff7e9595c
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